This working paper examines the relevance of Ubuntu School Leadership (USL) in improving school effectiveness in Rwanda. It explores how Ubuntu principles—such as empathy, collaboration, integrity, and community engagement—can address persistent challenges like weak management, poor learning outcomes, and limited stakeholder involvement. Using a qualitative, phenomenological approach with key education stakeholders, the study finds that Ubuntu is widely valued and aligns with existing leadership standards, though its practical application remains uneven. It highlights the need to integrate Ubuntu into professional development, policy, and curricula. Overall, the paper positions USL as a culturally grounded model for strengthening leadership and educational outcomes in Rwanda and beyond.